Dan Sperber (2000) Metarepresentations in an evolutionary perspective. In D. Sperber (ed.), Metarepresentations: A Multidisciplinary Perspective. (Oxford University Press), 117-137.

“Just as bats are unique in their ability to use echolocation, so are humans unique in their ability to use metarepresentations. Other primates may have some rather rudimentary metarepresentational capacities. We humans are massive users of metarepresentations, and of quite complex ones at that…”

Dan Sperber (2000) Introduction. In D. Sperber (ed.), Metarepresentations. (Oxford University Press), 3-13.

Dan Sperber (2000) Quelques outils conceptuels pour une science naturelle de la societe et de la culture. Raisons Pratiques

Version française de: Conceptual tools for a natural science of society and culture. Proceedings of the British Academy 111, 297-317. (2001)

Gloria Origgi & Dan Sperber (2000) Evolution, communication, and the proper function of language. In P. Carruthers & A. Chamberlain (eds.), Evolution and the Human Mind: Language, Modularity and Social Cognition. (Cambridge University Press), 140-169.

“Language is both a biological and a cultural phenomenon. Our aim here is to discuss, in an evolutionary perspective, the articulation of these two aspects of language. For this, we draw on the general conceptual framework developed by Ruth Millikan (1984) while at the same time dissociating ourselves from her view of language…” [PDF version]

Dan Sperber (2000) La communication et le sens. In Y. Michaud (ed.), Qu’est-ce que l’humain? Université de tous les savoirs, volume 2. (Odile Jacob), 119-128.

“…La facilité avec laquelle nous communiquons peut nous dissimuler le problème d’explication que pose cette facilité même…”

Dan Sperber (2000) An objection to the memetic approach to culture. In R. Aunger (ed.), Darwinizing Culture: The Status of Memetics as a Science. (Oxford University Press), 163-173.

“Memetics is one possible evolutionary approach to the study of culture. Boyd and Richerson’s models (1985), or my epidemiology of representations (1985, 1996), are among other possible evolutionary approaches inspired in various ways by Darwin. Memetics however, is, by its very simplicity, particularly attractive…”